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Three Kingdoms Officer Names: Officers X-Z

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Officers X–Z: officer names from the Three Kingdoms officer name English–Chinese reference tool. Cross-reference given (xìng), personal (míng) and style (zì), given (xìng) and personal (míng) names in Pinyin, Wade-Giles, and traditional Chinese (both in Hanzi and decimal-encoded form for non-Unicode websites and forums).

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Name (family, given), style, Wade-Giles, tones, traditional and simplified Chinese.

Officer Name
(Wade-Giles)
Traditional,
Simplified
Traditional Chinese,
Simplified Chinese
習隆
Xi Lung 习隆
Son of Xi Zhong.
習禎 (文祥)
Hsi Chên (Wên-hsiang) 习祯 (文祥)
Skilled in rhetoric, he was comparable to Pang Tong, held civil posts under Liu Bei.
郤正 (令先)
Hsi Chêng (Ling-hsien) 却正 (令先)
Neither loved nor despised by Huang Hao. Advised Liu Shan in exile, left family behind.
戲志才
Hsi Chihts‘ai 戏志才
Recommended by Xun Yu, Xi Zhicai became a valuable officer to Cao Cao.
習忠
Hsi Chung 习忠
Son of Xi Zhen.
習鑿齒
Hsi Tsoch‘ih 习凿齿
Authored the Han/Jin historical text, Han Jin chunqiu.
夏暉
Hsia Yün 夏晖
One of the Ten Regular Attendants, greatly favoured by Dowager Dong and Emperor Ling.

Notes: You may also see him referenced as Xia Hui (‘暉’ can be ‘Hui1’). In this case, we have sided with the Moss Roberts and Brewitt-Taylor translations.

夏侯霸 (仲權)
Hsiahou Pa (Chung-ch‘üan) 夏侯霸 (仲权)
Xiahou Yuan’s son. Originally served Wei, betrayed to Shu. Attacked Didao with Jiang Wei.
夏侯博
Hsiahou Po 夏侯博
In 200, Cao Cao captured him after defeating Liu Bei.
夏侯德
Hsiahou Tê 夏侯德
Dismissed Huang Zhong for seeking battle. Slain by Yan Yan at Tiandang mountain.
夏侯惇 (元讓)
Hsiahou Tun (Yüan-jang) 夏侯惇 (元让)
One of Cao Cao’s original officers, with civil and military talent. Lost an eye in battle.

Notes: Xia Hou is the double barreled surname, Dun is the given name in this instance.

夏侯恩
Hsiahou ên 夏侯恩
Carried Cao Cao’s Blue Blade. Cut down by Zhao Yun at Dangyang as he plundered.
夏侯和 (義權)
Hsiahou Ho (I-ch‘üan) 夏侯和 (义权)
Fourth son of Xiahou Yuan. Fought well against Shu’s Zhuge Liang.
夏侯惠 (稚權)
Hsiahou Hui (Chih-ch‘üan) 夏侯惠 (稚权)
Third son of Xiahou Yuan. Fought alongside his brother He on the front lines.
夏侯駿
Hsiahou Chün 夏侯骏
Jin officer. Appointed to do battle with the Qiang tribes.
夏侯楙 (子休)
Hsiahou Mao (Tzŭ-hsiu) 夏侯楙 (子休)
Friend of Cao Pi, not very good at tactics and enjoyed an easy life. Slandered by family.
夏侯尚 (伯仁)
Hsiahou Shang (Po-jên) 夏侯尚 (伯仁)
Captured at Mt. Dingjun, but traded for Chen Shi. Defended against Wu.
夏侯威 (季權)
Hsiahou Wei (Chi-ch‘üan) 夏侯威 (季权)
Campaigned against both Shu and Gongsun Yuan. Recognised Yang Hu’s talent.
夏侯咸
Hsiahou Hsien 夏侯咸
General who assisted Zhong Hui in taking Shu. One of Cao Shuang’s co regents.
夏侯玄 (太初)
Hsiahou Hsüan (T‘-ai-ch‘u) 夏侯玄 (太初)
Served Cao Fang. Killed by Sima Shi for plotting against him with Li Fang and Zhang Qi.
夏侯淵 (妙才)
Hsiahou Yüan (Miao-ts‘ai) 夏侯渊 (妙才)
Xiahou Dun’s brother. Famed for his attacks against the western barbarians.

Notes: Xia Hou is the double barreled surname, Yuan is the given name in this instance.

向寵
Hsiang Ch‘ung 向宠
Given control of internal military affairs. Died fighting Hanjia barbarians.
向朗 (巨達)
Hsiang Lang (Chü-ta) 向朗 (巨达)
Defended rear flank in the northern campaigns. Friend of Ma Su, didn’t report escape attempt.
向條 (文豹)
Hsiang T‘iao (Wên-pao) 向条 (文豹)
Xiang Lang’s son, he was a man of great learning.
鮮于丹
Hsienyü Tan 鲜于丹
A military officer in Wu. Served under Lu Xun during Yiling.
小喬
Hsiao Ch‘iao 小乔
Younger of Wu’s Qiao Sisters. Sister to Da Qiao. Married to Zhou Yu.

Notes: Xiao (小), in this context, translates to ‘Little’, thus ‘Younger’. Rather than refer to her as the ‘Younger Qiao’, the name Xiao Qiao has become a popular alternative. Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao were names first used by KOEI in Dynasty Warriors 3 when the characters were introduced. Note that Da4 and Xiao3 can still be used in this context in the modern-day family, and usually as the surname.

謝旌
Hsieh Ching 谢旌
Duels Zhang Bao for 40 bouts before retreating. Described as brave, killed by Zhang Bao.
辛敞 (泰雍)
Hsin Ch‘ang (T‘-ai-yung) 辛敞 (泰雍)
An follower of Cao Shuang, his sister warned him to stay loyal.
辛毗 (佐治)
Hsin P‘i (Tso-chih) 辛毗 (佐治)
Sent as envoy to Cao Cao but instead urged Cao Cao to attack the Yuan’s. Hugged by Cao Pi.
辛評 (仲治)
Hsin P‘ing (Chung-chih) 辛评 (仲治)
An officer of Han Fu, he later served the Yuan’s loyally when Fu fled.
辛憲英
Hsin Hsienying 辛宪英
Advised him to go to Cao Shuang’s camp, saving his life. Advised Xin Pi and others.
邢道榮
Hsing Taojung 邢道荣
A hardy commander of Liu Du. Killed in battle with Liu Bei. In the novel, by Zhao Yun.

Notes: His name is incorrectly translated as ‘Xing Darong’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions.

脩允
Hsiu Yün 修允
脩則
Hsiu Tsê 修则
許昌
Hsü Ch‘ang 许昌
Raised revolt against the Han but was put down by Zang Min and Sun Jian.
許褚 (仲康)
Hsü Ch‘u (Chung-k‘-ang) 许褚 (仲康)
One of Cao Cao’s trusted guards and a commander. Leader of the Tiger Guard.

Notes: His name is frequently written ‘Xu Zhu’, but this is incorrect. Nicknames include ‘Mad Tiger’ and ‘Tiger Lord’.

許慈 (仁篤)
Hsü Tz‘ŭ (Jên-tu) 许慈 (仁笃)
Expert in teachings of Zheng Xuan. Argued with Hu Qian, controlled Liu Shan’s harem.
许耽
Hsü Tan 许耽
Officer of Liu Bei in Xuzhou. Opened the gates for Lü Bu when he attacked Zhang Fei.
許貢
Hsü Kung 许贡
Prefect of Wu Territory. Executed by Sun Ce for having relations with Cao Cao.
徐晃 (公明)
Hsü Huang (Kung-ming) 徐晃 (公明)
Served Cao Cao. Famous for breaking the siege of Fancheng against Guan Yu.
許靖 (文休)
Hsü Ching (Wên-hsiu) 许靖 (文休)
Said to be an able critic. Liu Bei didn’t respect him but Liang always bowed to him.
徐琨
Hsü K‘un 徐琨
Fought under Sun Jian and Sun Ce, replaced as Administrator as he was seen as a threat.
徐邈 (景山)
Hsü Miao (Ching-shan) 徐邈 (景山)
Dismissed for drinking privatly, a succesful governor noted for finen morality.
徐璆 (孟玉)
Hsü Ch‘iu (Mêng-yü) 徐璆 (孟玉)
A scholarly man of utmost honesty, he refused to serve Yuan Shu and returned the imperial seal.

Notes: Also Xu Jiu. Styled Mengyu (孟玉), Mengben (孟本), or Mengping (孟平). Sometimes found as Xu Liu.

徐榮
Hsü Jung 徐荣
Defeated Cao Cao and Sun Jian in battle, but never able to press it home.
許劭 (子將)
Hsü Shao (Tzŭ-chiang) 许劭 (子将)
A specialist of personalities living in Runan. Praised Cao Cao. Later served Liu Yao.

Notes: Appears in Destiny of an Emperor by the name of Xu Shou. If you say this person’s surname followed by style name it would become “Xu2 Zi3jiang1” because of the third tone after the Xu3.

徐盛 (文嚮)
Hsü Shêng (Wên-hsiang) 徐盛 (文向)
Served in Chibi and Wu’s invasions into Wei. Tricked Cao Pi with a fake wall.
徐庶 (元直)
Hsü Shu (Yüan-chih) 徐庶 (元直)
One of Sima Hui’s students. Served Liu Bei, then later, through trickery, Cao Cao.

Notes: Also went by the name Shan Fu (單福).

徐宣 (寶堅)
Hsü Hsüan (Pao-chien) 徐宣 (宝坚)
Refused Sun Ce, handled all state affairs for Cao Rui. Held a number of posts
許儀
Hsü I 许仪
Led the attack on Nanzheng, but was defeated by Shu’s Lu Xun. Executed by Zhong Hui.
徐逸
Hsü I 徐逸
An officer of Sun Ce. Participated in battle against Chen Yu.
徐奕 (季才)
Hsü I (Chi-ts‘ai) 徐奕 (季才)
Slandered by Ding Yi but Huan Jie called him a man of loyalty. Took part against Ma Chao.
許攸 (子遠)
Hsü Yu (Tzŭ-yüan) 许攸 (子远)
Childhood friend of Cao Cao. Betrayed Yuan Shao to Cao, but was killed by Xu Chu.
許昭[韶]
Hsü Chao [Shao] 许昭[韶]
Son of Xu Chang. Killed by Sun Jian along with his father.

Notes: Xu Hao in some Brewitt-Taylor translations. Xu Zhao’s name is a bit of a mystery. Xu Chang (probably Xu Zhao’s) staged a rebellion in Kuaiji (or Xu Zhao did) and Xu Zhao was either leader (HHS 102), sole son by the name of Xu Shao, associated leader by the name of Xu Shao (SGZ Wu 1), or two sons named Zhao and Shao. In any case, Xu Zhao 昭 seems most likely as Shao 韶 may have been used in Sanguozhi to avoid a taboo on Sima Zhao’s name.

徐真
Hsü Chên 徐真
Close friend of Sun Jian, married Jian’s younger sister.
徐質
Hsü Chih 徐质
Minister of Wei. Reccomended Guan Lu to Cao Cao. Later convinced Cao Pi to take the throne.
薛禮
Hsüeh Li 薛礼
Served Liu Yao with Zhang Ying. Killed by his former ally Ze Rong.
薛珝
Hsüeh Hsü 薛珝
Wu official who served as an envoy to Shu. Warned Sun Xiu that Shu was on verge of collapse.
薛瑩 (道言)
Hsüeh Ying (Tao-yen) 薛莹 (道言)
One of the collaborative authors behind the Wu shu (Wu History).
薛綜 (敬文)
Hsüeh Tsung (Ching-wên) 薛综 (敬文)
Took part in conquering Vietnam, skilled in debate and composition.
荀諶 (友若)
Hsün Ch‘ên (Yu-jo) 荀谌 (友若)
Younger brother of Xun Yu. Advised Han Fu on administration. Later served Yuan Shao.

Notes: Xun Chen’s name is misrepresented in numerous sources, including: Pinyin Brewitt-Taylor chapter 7 as Xun Chang, chapters 22 and 26 as Xun Shen; Moss Roberts chapter 7 as Xun Chan, chapters 22 and 26 as Xun Shen; Zizhi Tongjian as Xun Shen. And in hoards of sites and games. You will see these mistakes wherever you see the 諶 character.

荀緄
Hsün Kun 荀绲
Served Yuan Shao then Cao. Son of Xun Shu, father of Xun Yu. One of the ‘Eight Dragons’.
荀儉
Hsün Chien 荀俭
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
荀靖 (叔慈)
Hsün Ching (Shu-tz‘ŭ) 荀靖 (叔慈)
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
荀愷
Hsün K‘ai 荀恺
Saved Zhong Hui at Nanzheng by shooting Lu Xun. Popular with the Sima’s.
荀詵
Hsün Shên 荀诜
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
荀淑 (季和)
Hsün Shu (Chi-ho) 荀淑 (季和)
Grandfather of Xun Yu.
荀爽 (慈明)
Hsün Shuang (Tz‘ŭ-ming) 荀爽 (慈明)
Fast tracked by Dong Zhuo, he calmed Zhuo down when Yang Biao angered him.

Notes: Also known as Xun Xu.

荀肅
Hsün Su 荀肃
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
荀燾
Hsün T‘ao 荀焘
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
荀勗 (公曾)
Hsün Hsü (Kung-ts‘êng) 荀勗 (公曾)
Inspector of the Palace Writers. Chen Shou’s nemesis in the Jin court.
荀衍 (休若)
Hsün Yen (Hsiu-jo) 荀衍 (休若)
Brother of Xun Yu, he defeated Gao Gan’s surprise attack.
荀顗 (景倩)
Hsün I (Ching-ch‘ien) 荀顗 (景倩)
Was sent by Sima Zhao to fetch Chen Tai after Cao Mao’s death. Senior minister.
荀攸 (公達)
Hsün Yu (Kung-ta) 荀攸 (公达)
Advisor of Cao Cao. Xun Yu’s cousin. Died grieving Cao Cao’s interest in being Duke.

Notes: His name is pronounced differently from Xun Yu’s.

荀彧 (文若)
Hsün Yü (Wên-jo) 荀彧 (文若)
Cousin of Xun You, a very talented advisor under Cao Cao. Commited suicide.

Notes: The reason we have Xun Yu and Xun “You” is because, though the sounds are the same (both Yu), they’re pronounced Yu4 and Yu1, the You idea, I suppose, comes in for foreign readers who cannot see the tones.

荀專
Hsün Chuan 荀专
Son of Xun Shu, uncle to Xun Yu, one of the ‘Eight Dragons’
雅丹
Yatan 雅丹
Fictional. Prime Minister to King Cheliji of the Western Qiang.

Notes: Frequently written ‘Ya Dan’.

嚴白虎
Yen Paihu [White Tiger Yen] 严白虎
Fought with Sun Ce, but was defeated. Killed by Dong Xi.

Notes: ‘白虎’ translates to ‘White Tiger’, thus his alleged Chinese name of Yan Baihu actually reads ‘White Tiger of Yan’, as he appears in several English books. Yan Baihu was recorded in history by his nickname. His real name, if he actually had one, is unknown.

嚴綱
Yen Kang 严纲
Officer of Gongsun Zan. Led Zan’s army at Jieqiao, but was killed by Qu Yi.

Notes: Some versions of novel call him Yan Guang.

嚴畯 (曼才)
Yen Chün (Man-ts‘ai) 严畯 (曼才)
Refused appointment as Lu Su’s successor. He was unable to ride a horse.
顏良
Yen Liang 颜良
A fierce general in service under Yuan Shao. Beheaded by Guan Yu.
閻圃
Yen P‘u 阎圃
Advised Zhang Lu on the defence against Cao Cao, stopped Lu becoming King.

Notes: Also called Yan Fu.

閻柔
Yen Jou 阎柔
Lived among the tribes as a child. Campaigned with Cao Cao against the Wuwan.
閻溫 (伯儉)
Yen Wên (Po-chien) 阎温 (伯俭)
Captured by Ma Chao, when dragged before the walls, he urged the defenders to fight on.
閻象
Yen Hsiang 阎象
Advised Yuan Shu not to attack Sun Ce, but rather to defend against Lü Bu.
嚴筵
Yen Yen 严筵
Served Liu Zhang, but surrendered to Zhang Fei after being defeated by him.
嚴輿
Yen Yü 严舆
Killed by an enraged Sun Ce after suggesting that Sun Ce join Yan Baihu.

Notes: Also said to be Yan Xing in Dynasty Tactics 2.

閻宇 (文平)
Yen Yü (Wên-p‘ing) 阎宇 (文平)
Given rank by Huang Hao. Talentless. Disbanded Jiang Wei’s defense of Qishan Hills.

Notes: Yan Yu’s name is incorrectly translated in the Brewitt-Taylor as ‘Yan Yun’.

嚴政
Yen Chêng 严政
Officer of Zhang Bao. Killed Bao when defeat was inevitable.
閻芝
Yen Chih 阎芝
Reinforced Liu Bei after Yiling, died at Hanzhong when at service with Zhuge Liang.
楊昂
Yang Ang 杨昂
Fought under Ma Chao and aided Zhang Wei in building strong defences against Cao Cao.
楊柏
Yang Po 杨柏
Jealous of Ma Chao, prevented marriage alliance between Zhang Lu and Ma Chao.
楊醜
Yang Ch‘ou 杨醜
Killed his former lord Zhang Yang, for Cao Cao, but in turn was killed by Sui Gu.
羊衟
Yang Tao 羊道
Helped Cai Yong escape the eunuchs and find safety in the south-east.
楊奉
Yang Fêng 杨奉
Betrayed Li Jue to help Emperor Xian. Served Yuan Shu then Lü Bu. Killed by Bei’s men.
楊鋒
Yang Fêng 杨锋
Man chieftain. Ally of Meng Huo, who later betrayed to help Zhuge Liang.

Notes: Referenced incorrectly as ‘Yang Fang’ in Brewitt-Taylor’s translation and other sources.

楊阜 (義山)
Yang Fu (I-shan) 杨阜 (义山)
Helped defeat Ma Chao. Criticized Cao Rui’s extravagance in clothing, buildings and woman.
楊洪 (季休)
Yang Hung (Chi-hsiu) 杨洪 (季休)
Argued with Li Yan, urged Zhuge Liang to follow orders and raise all forces for Hanzhong.
羊祜 (叔子)
Yang Hu (Shu-tzŭ) 羊祜 (叔子)
A talented Jin officer. Held Xiang Yang. Formed a friendship with Lu Kang of Wu.
楊懷
Yang Huai 杨怀
Officer of Liu Zhang. Executed after an attempt to assassinate Liu Bei.
楊濟
Yang Chi 杨济
Champion General under Jin. Controlled the field armies during the invasion of Wu.
楊稷
Yang Chi 杨稷
Close offical of Cao Rui, respected Liu Ye. Opposed camapign against Shu.
楊俊 (季才)
Yang Chün (Chi-ts‘ai) 杨俊 (季才)
A widely admired offical, he established schools in area’s he governed and helped bring talent to Wei.
楊慮 (威方)
Yang Lü (Wei-fang) 杨虑 (威方)
Served Shu. Yang Yi’s brother, died at 17 but was known for virtue.
楊密
Yang Mi 杨密
Imperial Corps Commander. Persuaded Guo Si not to kill Yang Biao.
楊琦
Yang Ch‘i 杨琦
Advised through Li Jue and Guo Si’s abuse, recommended Jia Xu. Plotted against Li Jue.
楊秋
Yang Ch‘iu 杨秋
Sent by Han Sui to Cao Cao as an envoy of peace. Surrendered when under siege.
陽群
Yang Ch‘ün 阳群
Shu officer. Died in the year following Kongming’s occupation of Hanzhong.
楊任
Yang Jên 杨任
Fought well against Cao Cao’s forces at Yang Ping, lured out and killed in battle.

Notes: He is called Yan Ren in the online version of the novel and possibly in other sources.

楊松
Yang Sung 杨松
Vassal of Zhang Lu. Known to be greedy, he betrayed Zhang Lu.
楊偉 (世英)
Yang Wei (Shih-ying) 杨伟 (世英)
Military advisor to Cao Shuang. During Cao Shuang’s campaign in 244, he urged retreat, warning that the army would suffer a huge defeat otherwise.
楊戲 (文然)
Yang Hsi (Wên-jan) 杨戏 (文然)
Respected for his honesty but was sacked and died a commoner. Wrote the Ji-Han fuchen zan.
楊欣
Yang Hsin 杨欣
Served Wei. District Governor of Jincheng before helping Deng Ai’s invasion of Shu.
楊修 (德祖)
Yang Hsiu (Tê-tsu) 杨修 (德祖)
A talented scholar and friend of Cao Zhi, helped Zhi cheat Cao Cao’s tests.
楊稷
Yang I 杨稷
Grand Administrator of Jiaozhi of Jin Dynasty.
楊儀 (威公)
Yang I (Wei-kung) 杨仪 (威公)
Opposed old enemy Wei Yan. Later later stripped of rank for dissensitoius words.
楊肇
Yang Chao 杨肇
Sent to rescue Bu Chan, suffered horrendous defeat, retreat was a disaster. Sacked.
楊祚
Yang Tso 杨祚
Goes with Bei Yan and makes strong camp, suggests waiting for Sima Yi to retreat.
伊籍 (機伯)
I Chi (Chi-po) 伊籍 (机伯)
Received favour comparable to Mi Zhu, helped compile the administrative code.

Notes: Rafe calls him Yin Ji.

尹大目
Yin Tamu 尹大目
Tried to stop Wen Qin during Guanqiu Jian’s rebellion, but failed.
殷觀 (孔休)
Yin Kuan (K’ung-hsiu) 殷观 (孔休)
Aide-de-Camp in Jingzhou.
尹楷
Yin K‘ai 尹楷
Mantained supplies for Yuan Shang. Killed by Xu Chu in the novel.
尹禮[盧兒]
Yin Li [Lu’êrh] 尹礼[卢儿]
A bandit leader, he later helped Zang Ba against the Yuan’s. Called Black Boy.

Notes: Lu’er, which translates to ‘Black Boy’, was his nickname.

尹默 (思潛)
Yin Mo (Ssŭ-ch‘ien) 尹默 (思潜)
Learnt from Sima Hui, had great knowledge of the classics, appointed tutor of Liu Shan.
尹賞
Yin Shang 尹赏
Friend of Jiang Wei in Tianshui. Surrendered Tianshui to Shu, made Prefect of Jicheng.
雍闓
Yung K‘ai 雍闓
Along with Gao Ding and Zhu Bao, rebelled in Southern Yizhou.
于毒
Yü Tu 于毒
A leader of the Black Mountain Bandits, he was defeated by Cao Cao then later by Yuan Shao.

Notes: Commonly displayed as Yu Du. His name, a title, is properly displayed as Poison Yu.

虞翻 (仲翔)
Yü Fan (Chung-hsiang) 虞翻 (仲翔)
Advisor to Wang Lang. Surrendered to Sun Ce. Convinced Mi Fang, Fu Shiren to defect to Wu.
于禁 (文則)
Yü Chin (Wên-tsê) 于禁 (文则)
Served Cao Cao. Surrendered to Guan Yu. Shamed by Cao Pi into suicide.
于麋
Yü Mi 于麋
An officer of Liu Yao. Defeated in a duel with Sun Ce and died.
于詮
Yü Ch‘üan 于诠
Served as commander in Wu during Sun Liang’s reign. Helped support Zhuge Dan.
俞涉
Yü Shê 俞涉
Served as a commander under Yuan Shu. Killed by Hua Xiong.
虞汜
Yü Ssŭ 虞汜
Son of Yu Fan.
袁逢 (周陽)
Yüan Fêng (Chou-yang) 袁逢 (周阳)
Father of Yuan Shu and possibly Yuan Shao. Minister of Agriculture in service to Han.
袁渙 (曜卿)
Yüan Huan (Yao-ch‘ing) 袁涣 (曜卿)
A man of courtesy, generosity and restraint, he refused to rebuke Liu Bei.
袁滂
Yüan P‘ang 袁滂
Father of Yuan Huan, who served Wei.
袁尚 (顯甫)
Yüan Shang (Hsien-fu) 袁尚 (显甫)
A handsome man, won his father’s favour but lost to Cao Cao.Executed by Gongsun Kang.
爰邵
Yüan Shao 爰邵
Guard of Deng Ai. Versed in the Book of Changes, he predicts Deng Ai’s success and fall.

Notes: Called Shao Yuan in some translations. Dispite the fact that they are different Han Zi, Yuan Shao of Wei’s name is pronounced exactly the same as the more commonly known Yuan2 Shao4 [Benchu]

袁紹 (本初)
Yüan Shao (Pên-ch‘u) 袁绍 (本初)
Childhood friend, and later enemy of, Cao Cao. Defeated at Guan Du.
袁術 (公路)
Yüan Shu (Kung-lu) 袁术 (公路)
Yuan Shao’s younger brother. Declared himself Emperor, but soon after died.
袁譚 (顯思)
Yüan T‘an (Hsien-ssŭ) 袁谭 (显思)
A famed general but a poor governor, fought against Shang for the succession.
袁隗
Yüan Wei (Tz‘ŭ-yang) 袁隗
A famed minister, aided He Jin’s avengers. Killed by a vengeful Dong Zhuo.
袁熙 (顯奕)
Yüan Hsi (Hsien-i) 袁熙 (显奕)
Eventually took in Shang, driven out by revolt. Executed by Gongsun Kang.
袁燿
Yüan Yao 袁燿
Fled south to Liu Xun, later to Sun Ce.
袁遺 (伯業)
Yüan I (Po-yeh) 袁遗 (伯业)
Admired by Zhang Chao and Cao Cao. Defeated by Yuan Shu and killed by his own men.
袁胤
Yüan Yin 袁胤
Defended Yuan Shu’s belongings after Shu’s death, but was killed by Cao Cao.
樂綝
Yüeh Ch‘ên 乐綝
Served Wei. Son of Yue Jin. Campaigned against Shu with Cao Zhen. Executed by Zhuge Dan.

Notes: Mistranslated as ‘Yue Shen’ in some Koei games, and on rare occasion referenced as ‘Yue Lin’.

樂進 (文謙)
Yüeh Chin (Wên-ch‘ien) 乐进 (文谦)
Served Cao Cao from the beginning. Shot from his horse by Gan Ning.

Notes: His name is incorrectly translated as Yue Jing’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions. Yue Jin is also sometimes translated as Le Jin (and in Destiny of an Emperor they somehow botched it up further to Le Xin).

樂就
Yüeh Chiu 乐就
Served Yuan Shu guarding Shouchun, but died after his defeat there by Cao Cao.
越吉
Yüehchi 越吉
Fictional. Marshal under King Cheliji of the Western Qiang. Killed by Guan Xing.

Notes: Frequently written ‘Yue Ji’.

雲英
Yün Ying 云英
Concubine of Dong Cheng. Her interactions with Qin Qingtong got Cheng killed.
臧霸 (宣高)
Tsang Pa (Hsüan-kao) 臧霸 (宣高)
Originally served Tao Qian, then Lü Bu. Later joined Cao Cao.
臧洪 (子源)
Tsang Hung (Tzŭ-yüan) 臧洪 (子源)
A loyal man, he was much admired and was the one that proclaimed the oath of the alliance.
臧旻
Tsang Min 臧旻
Governor of Kuaiji. Recommended Sun Jian to the court after Jian quelled Xu Chang’s rebellion.
笮融
Tsê Jung 笮融
Buddhist, fought against Sun Ce, had a record of betrayal and murder.

Notes: Also referred to as Zhai Rong in Generals of the South. As well as To Esablish Peace.

棧潛 (彥皇)
Chan Ch‘ien (Yen-huang) 栈潜 (彦皇)
Opposed Cao Pi’s love of hunting and marriage of love to Empress Guo.
張苞
Chang Pao 张苞
Turned on Li Jue and launched a surprise attack, he failed to get a fire going.
張苞
Chang Pao 张苞
Fought against Wei and Wu, killing many generals. Died in the Northern Campaigns.

Notes: Sometimes ‘苞’ is translated as Pao, thus Zhang Pao. We continue to use Bao.

張寶
Chang Pao 张宝
Yellow Scarves leader and Zhang Jue’s brother. Self-titled ‘Lord of Earth’.

Notes: In the online version of the novel and possibly some other sources he is called Zhang Ba.

張布
Chang Pu 张布
With Puyang Xing, enthroned Sun Hao over Wen. Executed Sun Chen with Ding Feng.
張超 (子並)
Chang Ch‘ao (Tzŭ-ping) 张超 (子并)
A man of great literary ability, he assisted Zhu Jun against the Turbans.
張超
Chang Ch‘ao 张超
Was a member of the anti-Dong Zhuo coalition, held out for months against Cao Cao.
張承 (公先)
Chang Ch‘êng (Kung-hsien) 张承 (公先)
Warned Yuan Shu about declaring himself Son of Heaven, served in many ranks.
張承 (仲嗣)
Chang Ch‘êng (Chung-ssŭ) 张承 (仲嗣)
Friend of Zhuge Jin among others. Sent with Sun Shao to Guangling to capture Huaiyang.
张赤
Chang Ch‘ih 张赤
A bandit based in Taoshan, he was defeated by Li Tong.
張泉
Chang Ch‘uan 张泉
Took part in Wei Feng’s conspiracy and executed when it failed.

Notes: Rafe calls him Zhang Quan

張春華
Chang Ch‘unhua 张春华
Wife of Sima Yi, she killed their only maid to protect her husband.
張存 (處仁)
Chang Cun (Ch’u-jen) 张存 (处仁)
Removed from office by Liu Bei for making disrepectful after Pang Tong’s death.
張達
Chang Ta 张达
Officer of Zhang Fei, he was beaten harshly so murdered Zhang Fei then fled to Wu.
張汎
Chang Fan 张泛
Enfeoffed as marquis by Cao Pi in honour of Zhang Liao’s achievements.
張範 (公儀)
Chang Fan (Kung-i) 张范 (公仪)
His generosity got family members returned by bandits, he was a frugal man.
張飛 (益德)
Chang Fei (I-tê) 张飞 (益德)
Sworn brother of Liu Bei and Guan Yu. Second of the Five Tiger Generals.

Notes: Sanguozhi records Zhang Fei’s style as 益 (yi4: ‘benefit’ or ‘increase’) rather than 翼 (yi4: ‘wing’), as used in the novel, games, and most literature.

張綱 (文紀)
Chang Kang (Wên-chi) 张纲 (文纪)
Great-grandfather of Zhang Yi (Bogong), who served Shu.
張恭
Chang Kung 张恭
Refused to work with tribes despite his son being held hostage.
張浩 (叔明)
Chang Hao (Shu-ming) 张浩 (叔明)
Great-great-grandfather of Zhang Yi (Bogong), who served Shu.
張郃 (儁乂)
Chang Ho (Chün-i) 张郃 (儁乂)
Originally under Yuan Shao, defected to Wei. Died battling Zhuge Liang.

Notes: Apparently, Zhang He is misspelled ‘Zhang Yue’ in Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI.

張橫
Chang Hêng 张横
One of Han Sui’s Eight Knights.

Notes: For some reason poor Zhang Heng is listed incorrectly in several sources. Some Chinese versions of the novel have him as ‘長橫’ (‘長’ chang2 instead of ‘張’ zhang1). As if that isn’t enough, some Brewitt-Taylor translations list him as Zhang Han—no idea why.

張紘 (子綱)
Chang Hung (Tzŭ-kang) 张紘 (子纲)
Minister who served Wu. Suggested changing the capital to Sun Quan.
張虎
Chang Hu 张虎
Served in northern Campaigns along with Yue Chen.
張虎
Chang Hu [Tiger Chang] 张虎
Marched out with Huang Zu to oppose Sun Jian. killed by Han Dang after 30 bouts.

Notes: Appears in Brewitt-Taylor edition as Zhang Hui to avoid confusion.

張華
Chang Hua (Mao-hsien) 张华
Played Go with Sima Yan, approved invasion of Wu. Talented poet, became Prime Minister.
張濟
Chang Chi 张济
Junior partner under Li Jue, attacks Liu Biao in bid for supplies but dies due to arrow.
張既 (德容)
Chang Chi (Tê-jung) 张既 (德容)
Persuaded Ma Teng to help Cao Cao, he was a major part in the pacification of Liang.
張儉 (元節)
Chang Chien (Yüan-chieh) 张俭 (元节)
Much admired, thousands of people died helping him flee. Aware of Cao Cao’s ambitions.
張節
Chang Chieh 张节
Minister of Wei who was executed by Sima Yan when he usurped the throne.
張進
Chang Chin 张进
Led a failed rebellion against Wei in AD 220.
張津 (子雲)
Chang Chin (Tzŭ-yün) 张津 (子云)
Practised magic, sent to oppose Liu Biao, he was killed by his officer Ou Jing.
張就
Chang Chiu 张就
Kidnapped by rebels in AD 220. He bravely held out until reinforcements came.
張角
Chang Chüeh or Chiao 张角
Founder of the Yellow Scarves. Self-titled ‘Lord of Heaven’.

Notes: Written ‘Zhang Jiao’ (角 can be pronounced as both jue and jiao) at times (particularly by Koei) and as Zhang Jao in Destiny of an Emperor. The audio file says “Zhang Zue”, followed by “Jiao3”

張鈞
Chang Chün 张钧
Blamed the Yellow Turban revolt on the eunuchs. Arrested and flogged on false charges.
張闓
Chang K‘ai 张闓
Entered Tao Qian’s service after the Yellow Scarf uprising. Killed Cao Cao’s family.
張梁
Chang Liang 张梁
Advised Sun Quan to move the capital to Jianye. He served Sun Jiao, Sun Huan, Zhang Huan and Lu Xun.

Notes: He has the same name as Zhang Liang of the Yellow Turbans.

張梁
Chang Liang 张梁
Yellow Scarves leader and Zhang Jue’s brother. Self-titled ‘Lord of Man’.
張遼 (文遠)
Chang Liao (Wên-yüan) 张辽 (文远)
Served in Wei after Cao Cao defeated Lü Bu. Close friend of Guan Yu.
張魯 (公祺)
Chang Lu (Kung-ch‘i) 张鲁 (公祺)
Controller of Hanzhong before surrendering to Cao Cao in 215.
張邈 (孟卓)
Chang Miao (Mêng-cho) 张邈 (孟卓)
Friend of Yuan Shao and Cao Cao, rebelled against Cao Cao. Killed by his own men later on.
張南
Chang Nan 张南
Claimed ability on the waters, but was just a braggart. Killed by Zhou Tai

Notes: Incorrectly translated ‘Zhang Neng’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions.

張南 (文進)
Chang Nan (Wên-chin) 张南 (文进)
Commander of the vanguard against Wu, killed in the defeat that followed.
張嶷 (伯岐)
Chang Ni or Chang I (Po-ch‘i) 张嶷 (伯岐)
Wounded by Wang Shuang. Died rescuing Jiang Wei, suffered from arthritis.

Notes: 張嶷 is commonly translated as both Zhang Yi and Zhang Ni. Zhang Ni is perhaps the most common translation, likely to disambiguate from other Zhang Yis, but both are accepted.

張普
Chang P‘u 张普
Served under Cao Xiu. Defeated by Xu Sheng, killed by Zhu Huan.
張岐
Chang Ch‘i 张岐
Sent by Han Fu and Yuan Shao to get Liu Yu to take up the throne.
張緝 (敬仲)
Chang Ch‘i (Ching-chung) 张缉 (敬仲)
Executed by Sima Shi for plotting to remove Shi with Cao Fang. Predicted Zhuge Ke would die.
張喬
Chang Ch‘iao 张乔
Wei general who dealt a heavy defeat to Wu’s troops under Zhang Ti.
張球
Chang Ch‘iu 张球
Served Cao Rui, sent to set a fire trap against Wu, burning many ships.
張讓
Chang Jang 张让
Most influential of the Ten Regular Attendants. Drowned himself to avoid capture.
張任
Chang Jên 张任
Remained loyal to Liu Zhang. Executed by Liu Bei. In novel, Pang Tong died in his ambush.
張尚
Chang Shang 张尚
General of Jin who killed Lu Jing.
張紹
Chang Shao 张绍
Surrendered to Wei after Shu’s collapse.
張世平
Chang Shihp‘ing 张世平
Horse trader from Zhongshan with Su Shuang. Supplied Liu Bei’s first armed force.
張松 (永年)
Chang Sung (Yung-nien) 张松 (永年)
Officer of Liu Zhang and Shu. Aided Liu Bei in Ba-Shu. Angered Cao Cao in Sanguo Yanyi.
張特 (子產)
Chang T‘o (Tzŭ-ch‘an) 张特 (子产)
Commanded the defence of Xincheng when it was under attack by Zhuge Ke.
張悌
Chang T‘i (Chü-hsien) 张悌
Wu’s last Prime Minister. Refused surrender to Jin and marched out to die on the battlefield.
張衛
Chang Wei 张卫
Zhang Lu’s younger brother. Beheaded after a brilliant battle with Xu Chu.
張微
Chang Wei 张微
Of firm character and keen to learn.
張溫 (惠恕)
Chang Wên (Po-shên) 张温 (惠恕)
First ever Han Excellency appointed when out of the capital, struggled to deal with Han Sui.
張武
Chang Wu 张武
Began pillaging the people of Jiangxia. Zhao Yun killed him with a spear thrust.
張象
Chang Hsiang 张象
Wu Leader of the Van who surrendered to Jin.
張歆
Chang Hsin 张歆
Zhang Fan’s grandfather.
張繡
Chang Hsiu 张绣
He fought Cao Cao after he took Zhang Ji’s widow as a wife. Served Wei with distinction.
張休 (叔嗣)
Chang Hsiu (Shu-ssŭ) 张休 (叔嗣)
Advised Sun Deng with Zhuge Ke, Gu Tan, and Chen Biao. Lost faction struggle.
張勳
Chang Hsün 张勋
Fought against Lü Bu but was betrayed by Yang Feng. Escorts Yuan family south.
張燕
Chang Yen 张燕
張延
Chang Yen 张延
Zhang Fan’s father
張儼 (子節)
Chang Yen (Tzŭ-chieh) 张俨 (子节)
Leader of the Black Mountain Bandits. Tried but failed to aid Gongsun Zan.

Notes: Many Black Mountain Bandits had nicknames. Zhang Yan‘s was ’Flying Swallow Zan.’

張楊 (稚叔)
Chang Yang (Chih-shu) 张杨 (稚叔)
A good and generous man, attempted to aid Emperor Xian but wasn’t trusted by other generals.
張翼 (伯恭)
Chang I (Po-kung) 张翼 (伯恭)
Urged Jiang Wei to concentrate on internal affairs. Strict governor, it caused revolt.
張裔 (君嗣)
Chang I (Chün-ssŭ) 张裔 (君嗣)
Looked after affairs when Zhuge Liang was at war. Held hostage by Wu.
張顗
Chang I 张顗
Killed by Gan Ning as he cleared the road ahead for Cao Cao. Historically not at Chi Bi.

Notes: His name is presented as ‘Zhang Zi’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions.

張穎
Chang Ying 张颖
張英
Chang Ying 张英
Served Liu Yao with Xue Li. Lost in battle to Sun Ce twice. Killed by Chen Wu.
張裕 (南和)
Chang Yü (Nanho) 张裕 (南和)
Divined Shu’s fall nine years after taking Hanzhong. Executed by Liu Bei.
張約
Chang Yüeh 张约
Officer who served in Zhuge Ke’s personal police force. Killed by Sun Jun.
張允
Chang Yün 张允
Surrendered to Cao Cao with Cai Mao. Served as Cao’s Vice Admiral at Chibi.
張璋
Chang Chang 张璋
Officer under He Jin. Led troops to slaughter the eunuchs after his death.
張昭 (子布)
Chang Chao (Tzŭ-pu) 张昭 (子布)
Served Wu. Highly trusted internal administrator.

Notes: Sometimes written Zhang Zao.

張仲景
Chang Chungching 张仲景
Also known as Zhang Ji. Famous physician from the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Notes: Also commonly known as Zhang Ji (張機).

趙岑
Chao Ts‘ên 赵岑
Occupied River Si Pass for Dong Zhuo. Retreated when Dong Zhuo abandoned Luoyang.
趙娥(親)
Chao O (Chao Och‘in) 赵娥(亲)
Pang Yu’s mother. Killed Li Shou to avenge her father, Zhao Jun’an, then turned herself in.

Notes: Zhao E 趙娥 usually appears by the name Zhao Eqin 趙娥親. Zhao E is most appropriate.

趙範
Chao Fan 赵范
Offered his sister-in-law to Zhao Yun, who refused as Yun doubted Fan’s loyalty.
趙廣
Chao Kuang 赵广
Died during an expedition under Jiang Wei.
趙國達
Chao Kuota 赵国达
Trieu Au’s older brother.

Notes: Known to the Vietnamese as Trieu Quoc Dat (Triệu Quốc Đạt).

趙弘
Chao Hung 赵弘
Fought with Zhu Jun at Wan, held out for eight months but was killed by Sun Jian.
趙累
Chao Lei 赵累
Said to be loyal and trust-worthy, he died fighting Wu with Guan Yu and Guan Ping.
趙統
Chao T‘ung 赵统
Eldest son of Zhao Yun. Inherited his father’s title.
趙嫗
Chao Yü 赵妪
Trieu Au, female warrior of the Nanyue tribe. Rebelled against Wu. Defeated by Lu Yin.

Notes: Known to the Vietnamese as Trieu Thi Trinh (Triệu Thị Trinh) or Trieu Au (Triệu Ẩu; Lady Trieu). I have pronounced the Chinese Zhao Yu, but dont know how to pronounce the Viet.

趙雲 (子龍)
Chao Yün (Tzŭ-lung) 赵云 (子龙)
Served Shu. Highly trusted by Liu Bei. Fourth of the Five Tiger Generals.
趙忠
Chao Chung 赵忠
Emperor Ling considered him as a mother, slandered Huangfu Song, Lu Qiang and Fu Xie.
甄逸
Chên I 甄逸
Father of Empress Zhen, but died while she was young. Commandery Governor.
鄭沖
Chêng Ch‘ung (Wên-ho) 郑冲
Devoted to scholarship, first served under Cao Pi, became Grand Tutor to Sima Yan.
鄭渾 (文公)
Chêng Hun 郑浑 (文公)
Encouraged parents not to abandon infants, isolated and defeated Liang Xing.
鄭文
Chêng Wên 郑文
Officer under Sima Yi. Falsesly surrendered to Kongming. Executed by Kongming.

Notes: Commonly listed as Deng Wen 邓文. Confusion may be the cause: zheng4 鄭/郑 vs deng4 鄧/邓.

鄭玄 (康成)
Chêng Hsüan (K‘-ang-ch‘êng) 郑玄 (康成)
Loved wine, a leading scholar of his day but hated court life. Had many students.
鍾會 (士季)
Chung Hui (Shih-chi) 锺会 (士季)
Son of Zhong Yao. Plotted with Jiang Wei to rebel against Sima Zhao, but failed and executed.
鍾繇 (元常)
Chung Yao (Yüan-ch‘ang) 钟繇 (元常)
Famous calligrapher. Stirred up quarrel between Han Sui and Ma Teng, close to Cao Pi.
鍾毓 (稚叔)
Chung Yü (Chih-shu) 钟毓 (稚叔)
Taken to court, sweated a lot out of nerves.
鍾離斐
Chungli Fei 钟离斐
周倉
Chou Ts‘ang 周仓
Yellow Scarves leader turned subordinate of Guan Yu. Fictional.
周超
Chou Ch‘ao 周超
With Guo Shi, Ravaged Lingling, Guiyang, and Changsha until destroyed by Sun Jian.
周處 (子隱)
Chou Ch‘u (Tzŭ-yin) 周处 (子隐)
Son of Zhou Fang. After Wu’s defeat, he joins Jin and fights against the Qiang tribe, but dies on the battlefield.
周魴 (子魚)
Chou Fang (Tzŭ-yü) 周鲂 (子鱼)
Trapped Cao Xiu, allowing the Wu army to score a great victory.
周央
Chou Huan (Wên-ming) 周央
Part of Wang Yun’s government, killed by Li Jue and Guo Si’s troops.
周峻
Chou Chün 周峻
A nephew of Zhou Yu. Was a trusted and capable subordinate of Lu Xun. Captured Shiyang from Wei by causing its citizens to panic.
周浚 (開林)
Chou Chün (K‘-ai-lin) 周浚 (开林)
周群 (仲直)
Chou Ch‘ün (Chung-chih) 周群 (仲直)
Predicted the Han’s fall, Liu Biao’s death, success with pain at Hanzhong among others.
州泰
Chou T‘ai 州泰
Wei governor in Yue territory. Helped to secure victory against Zhuge Dan.
周泰 (幼平)
Chou T‘ai (Yu-p‘ing) 周泰 (幼平)
Wu officer who Saved Sun Quan’s life, and was loved dearly in return.
周昕 (大明)
Chou Hsin (Ta-ming) 周昕 (大明)
Well read, he resigned his position rather then have Yuan Shu to harm his people.
周宣 (孔和)
Chou Hsüan (K‘ung-ho) 周宣 (孔和)
Interpretor of dreams, right nine times out of ten. Warned about female rebels.
周循
Chou Hsün 周循
The eldest son of Zhou Yu. He was said to have inherited his father’s ability, but he died young.
周胤
Chou Yin 周胤
The second son of Zhou Yu. Exiled for misdeeds, later pardoned.
周瑜 (公瑾)
Chou Yü (Kung-chin) 周瑜 (公瑾)
Skilled war commander of Wu. Commanded Wu forces at the Battle of Chibi.
周旨
Chou Chih 周旨
Fought against Wu. Ambushes and kills Sun Xin then kills Shen Rong in a raid.
周直
Chou Chih 周直
Killed by Li Tong at a meeting whilst drunk. His followers were added to Li Tong’s troops.
朱褒
Chu Pao 朱褒
Rebelled against Shu with Yong Kai and Gao Ding. Killed when Gao Ding defected.
朱恩
Chu Ên 朱恩
Officer who served in Zhuge Ke’s personal police force.
朱皓 (文明)
Chu Hao (Wên-ming) 朱皓 (文明)
Established excellent Government. Attacked Yuan Shu but was later killed by Zhai Rong.
朱桓 (休穆)
Chu Huan (Hsiu-mu) 朱桓 (休穆)
Possibly a little mad, murdered the servants of Quan Yi. Destroyed Cao Ren at Ruxu.
朱紀
Chu Chi 朱纪
Zhu Zhi’s third son. Married to a daughter of Sun Ce.
朱據 (子據)
Chu Chü (Tzŭ-chü) 朱据 (子据)
Wu Scholar. Demoted after supporting Sun He. Tricked into committing suicide.
朱儁 (公偉)
Chu Chün (Kung-wei) 朱儁 (公伟)
Han minister who fought against the Yellow Scarves with Liu Bei and Sun Jian.
朱靈 (文博)
Chu Ling (Wên-po) 朱灵 (文博)
Said to be disliked by Cao Cao, his reputation was equal that of Xu Huang’s.
朱然 (義封)
Chu Jan (I-fêng) 朱然 (义封)
Served Wu. Was the son of Zhu Zhi’s sister. Studied together with Sun Quan.
朱熹
Chu Hsi 朱熹
Using the Zizhi tongjian and other sources, wrote the Tongjian gangmu.
朱異 (季文)
Chu I (Chi-wên) 朱异 (季文)
A general of Wu and the son of Zhu Huan. Executed by Sun Chen for numerous defeats.
朱讚
Chu Tsan 朱讚
Officer of Cao Zhen, sent to raid the Shu camp but failed. Killed by Zhao Yun.
朱治 (君理)
Chu Chih (Chün-li) 朱治 (君理)
Served through three generations of the Sun family. Magistrate in Wu County.
莊子[南華]
Chuang Tzŭ [Nan Hua] 莊子[南华]
Old Taoist Sage from Mt. Hua that gave Zhang Jue the Way of Peace (太平要術).

Notes: Though frequently presented under the proper name, Zhuang Zi (莊子), the literal text presents his name as “The Nanhua Immortal” (南華真人). This is sometimes simplified to ‘Nanhua’ or ‘Nan Hua’ (南華), which is not correct. Zhuang Zi is none other than the famous Taoist sage from the Warring States period, and with this in mind, you may also see him listed, of course, as Chang Tzu (Wade-Giles), Zhuang Zhou (莊周) (his given name), Meng Official (蒙吏), Meng Zhuang (蒙莊), and Meng Elder (蒙叟). He also appears in some Koei games as ‘Nan Hua’.

諸葛綽
Chuko Ch‘o 诸葛绰
諸葛誕 (公休)
Chuko Tan (Kung-hsiu) 诸葛诞 (公休)
Zhuge Liang’s cousin. Tried to rebel against Sima Zhao, but was executed.
諸葛豐 (少季)
Chuko Fêng (Shao-chi) 诸葛丰 (少季)
Commander in the Western Han Dynasty. Ancestor of Zhuge Liang.
諸葛珪 (子貢)
Chuko Kuei (Tzŭ-kung) 诸葛珪 (子贡)
Zhuge Liang’s father. Descended from Zhuge Feng. Governor’s deputy in Taishan.

Notes: His style is entered in the Sanguozhi as Jungong (君貢) but in Sanguo Yanyi as Zigong (子貢). Jungong is likely correct as it stems from Sanguozhi. We are looking into this.

諸葛恢 (道明)
Chuko Hui (Tao-ming) 诸葛恢 (道明)
諸葛建
Chuko Chien 诸葛建
Third son of Zhuge Ke.
諸葛瑾 (子瑜)
Chuko Chin (Tzŭ-yü) 诸葛瑾 (子瑜)
Zhuge Liang’s older brother in service to Wu. Highly trusted by Sun Quan.
諸葛京
Chuko Ching 诸葛京
Zhuge Zhan’s second son. Served Jin following the collapse of Shu.
諸葛靚
Chuko Ching 诸葛靚
Served Sun Hao in Wu. Failed to aid his father, Zhuge Dan. Retired in shame.
諸葛均
Chuko Chün 诸葛均
Zhuge Liang’s younger brother, worked his way up in Shu.
諸葛恪 (元遜)
Chuko K‘o (Yüan-hsün) 诸葛恪 (元逊)
Served Wu as Imperial Guardian. Son of Zhuge Jin. Murdered by Sun Jun.
諸葛亮 (孔明)
Chuko Liang (K‘ung-ming) 诸葛亮 (孔明)
Mastermind of Shu’s rise as a great power. Also known as ‘Sleeping Dragon’.

Notes: Also known by his nickname, ‘Sleeping Dragon’ or ‘Wo Long’ (臥龍). His original novel introduction, with Pang Tong, comes under this title. In this case, Zhuge is his surname, Liang his given name.

諸葛攀
Chuko P‘an 诸葛攀
The son of Zhuge Qiao. After Zhuge Ke’s death, was restored as Zhuge Jin’s heir.
諸葛喬 (伯鬆)
Chuko Ch‘iao (Po-sung) 诸葛乔 (伯松)
Famed in his own time, lacked brother’s talent but had superior disposition.

Notes: Originally styled Zhongshen (仲慎), but after adopting him Zhuge Liang changed it to Bosong (伯松).

諸葛融 (叔長)
Chuko Jung (Shu-ch‘ang) 诸葛融 (叔长)
The third son of Zhuge Jin. Served Wu.
諸葛尚
Chuko Shang 诸葛尚
Died with his father on the battlefield against Deng Ai at only nineteen years old.
諸葛竦
Chuko Sung 诸葛竦
The second son of Zhuge Ke.
諸葛緒
Chuko Hsü 诸葛绪
Imperial Inspector of Yongzhou before helping Deng Ai’s invasion of Shu.
諸葛玄
Chuko Hsüan 诸葛玄
Served Yuan Shu as Grand Administrator of Yuzhang. Later driven out by Zhu Hao.
諸葛頤 (道回)
Chuko I (Tao-hui) 诸葛颐 (道回)
The grandson of Zhuge Dan and son of Zhuge Jing.
諸葛瞻 (思遠)
Chuko Chan (Ssŭ-yüan) 诸葛瞻 (思远)
Zhuge Liang’s son. Died along with his son defending Shu from Deng Ai.
諸葛直
Chuko Chih 诸葛直
Voyaged for Wu to find and conquer foreign lands with Wei Wen. Failed and was executed.
宗預 (德艷)
Tsung Yü (Tê-yen) 宗预 (德艳)
Shu minister sent to Wu to ask why their guard increased after Liang’s death.
鄒丹
Tsou Tan 邹丹
Killed by the rebelling Yan Rou, 4,000 of his men are killed as well.
鄒靖
Tsou Ching 邹靖
Served as Commandant under Liu Yan. Fought the Yellow Scarves with Liu Bei.

Notes: His name is incorrectly translated as ‘Zhou Jing’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions.

祖郎
Tsu Lang 祖郎
Chieftain of Danyang. Defeated Sun Ce but later joined his army.
祖茂 (大榮)
Tsu Mao (Ta-jung) 祖茂 (大荣)
One of Sun Jian’s first four commanders. Tricked Hua Xiong in order to save Sun Jian’s life.
左慈 (元放)
Tso Tz‘ŭ (Yüan-fang) 左慈 (元放)
Taoist named ‘Master Black Horn’. Trained in the occult at Emei Mountain.

Notes: Rafe de Crespigny calls him Zuo Ce.

左豐
Tso Fêng 左丰
Eunuch of Han. Sent to evaluate Lu Zhi. Demanded a bribe, then lied about his merit.

Notes: His name is incorrectly translated as ‘Zhuo Feng’ in some Brewitt-Taylor editions.

左奕
Tso I 左奕

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February 26, 2010